Carburetor



H. W. ALLEN CARBURETOR May 27 1924- Filed Jan. 17 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l/WE/VTUR ferberz WHZZen A TTOR/VEYS WITNESSES -QKW Patented May 27, 1924.

UNITED S nnnisnnr WILLIAM ALLEN, or suean PINE, camronma.

CARIBURETOR.

Application filed January 17, 1919. Serial at. 271,677.

To all'wlzozn it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT VJ Anna, a citizen of the United States, and a res1- dent of Sugar Pine in the county of Madera and State of (Jalifornia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

-My invention is animprovement in carburetors, and has for its object to provide a carburetor capable of. utilizing either fuel of high grade, as, forinstance, gasoline, or of low grade, as, for instance, kerosene, distillate and the like, wherein a gasifying device is provided for fuel of low grade, controlled by the exhaust heat from the engine, the high grade fuel being supplied directly to the miXin mechanism, and the low grade fuel passing y way of the gasifying device, and wherein means is provided for permitting either of the fuel supplies to be used.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the improved carburetor;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the lower casing, with the heater casing and the mixing chamber casing removed;

Fig. 3 is a detailed enlarged section-at the spray pin.

Figure 4 is a detailed vertical sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a section on the line 55 of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a side View showing the connection between the valves.

In the present embodiment of the invention, the carburetor proper comprises a cas ing 1, within which is mounted to move vertically a valve or damper 2, the said valve or damper being in the form of a sleeve and having at its upper end an annular rib which moves between a pair of shoulders 3 and 4 in the casing. These shoulders act as limiting means to control the movement of the valve and also serve as a species of dashpot for preventing fliuttering of the valve under conditions to be presently described.

The space between the under face of the rib and the shoulder 4; communicates with the atmosphere by means of openings 5. This casing. is open. at its upper end, and a throttle valve 6 is arranged at this point for controlling the flow from the casingto p y the engine manifold, and the valve is controlled by means of a handle 7 connected therewith outside of the casing. This casing 1 flares at its lower end, as indicated at 8, and the said lower end has a marginal flange which rests upon a similar flange on the nipple 9 .extending'upwardly from a casing 10 to .bedescribed. The flanges are,

securedtogetherby any suitable means indicated at 11, and through the nipple the cas ng 1 communicates with a passage 12 which leads to the gasifying device for the low grade fuel, to be presently described.

A choke tube 13 is threaded into the upper end of the nipple 9, and the upper surface of the choke tube and the upper sur-. face of the nipple within the flaring portion 8 of the casing l are formedv 1nto a fuel: trough 14, and it will be noticed, referrlng to Figure 1, that the lower endof the valve or damper 2 when in normal lowered position will cutoff the communication between the interior of the valve and the exterior, that is, the space between the valve and the wall of the flaring portion 8. This annular chamber formed between the valve 2 and the flaring portion 8 of the easing communicates with the atmosphere, by.

mean of openings 15, and under suction the valve will be lifted, to permit this air to sweep over the fuel in the trough, between the same and the end of the valve, and to take up a portion of the said fuel.

Fuel is supplied to the trough by means of vertical openings at the center of the trough, the said openings 16 communicating at their lower ends with an annularpassage 16. This passage is formed by cooperating grooves in the periphery of the choke tube and in the inner wall of the nipple, and with this annular passage communicates a pipe 17 from a suitable source of fuel supply, the pipe having interposed therein a valve casing 18, in which is a valve operated by an arm 19.

In the operation of this portion ofthe construction, the suction of the engine will cause the damper 2 to rise, and the air will rush in by way of the openings 15, over the fuel in the trough, vaporizing a portion of the fuel and intermixing with the air. The supply of. mixture is controlled by the suction, it being evident that the greater the suction the higher the valve 2 will be lifted, and the greater will be the air supfuel consists of a substantially U-shaped The va orizing device for the low grade,

tube 20 which is arranged withina casing 21 through which the exhaust gases pass, the

a link 27 with the arm 19 before mentioned,

the arrangement being such that when the valve in the casing 18.is in open position the valve 25 will be closed, that is, when the fuel of high specific gravity is feeding, the fuel of low specificgravity cannot feed. The damper 25 serves to close the passage between the intake manifold of the engine and the heavy fuel nozzle so that under normal conditions, with the damper closed, there is no tendency for a flow of heavy fuel to take place.

The fuel supply to the pipe 20 is con. trolled by a spray pin 28 which is mounted to move in a spray nozzle 29 which is threaded into the nipple 30 leading from the casing 10 to the port 24. The axis of the spray nozzle is in alinement with the axis of that branch of the tube 20 connected with the port 24, and a Vcnturi throat 31 is threaded into the nipple, the narrowest portion of the throat being just above the top of the spray nozzle. Radial openings 32 are provided in the nipple just above the connection of the spray nozzle with the nipple, for permitting the passage of air into the nipple. The fuel sprayed through the spray nozzle is mixed with air in the Venturi throat and the mixture passesupwardly into the tube 20 and from the tube into the passage 12. The lower end of the spray pin passes into a plug which is threaded into a nipple in the lower side of the casing 10, and a coil spring 34 is arranged between the plug and a nut 35 which is threaded onto the pin, the spring acting normally to press the pin upwardly. This spray in is controlled by the movement of the valve 2 before mentioned. A. rod 36 is connected to the valve by means of a spider as shown, and this rod passes downwardly through the choke tube 13 and through a bearing sleeve 37 detachably con-.

nected with the casing 10 into the fuel chamher 38 for the low grade fuel, Within the lower part of the casing 10. This chamber extends from below the spray pin to a point beyond the choke tube 13, and'the end adjacent to the choke tube is closed by a plug 38 which is threaded into the casing. This plug has an opening through which extends a rod 39 and a nut 40 is threaded on to the. rod at the end of the casing, the nut being held from movement longitudinally of the rod by means of a bracket arm 41 connected with the casing.'

It will be evident that when the nut is rotated the rod mustmovelongitudinally, and the said rod moves through a stuffing box 42 in the plug. A link 43 is connected with the inner end of the rod, and the link carries a roller 43 which moves in guides on the adjacent faces of a lever 44 and of an arm. 45 extending laterally from the lower end of the rod 36 before mentioned. The adjacent faces of the lever and arm are grooved to fit the roller and the lever which is pivoted intermediate its ends, as indicated at 44' has the end remote from the rod 36 provided with a fork, whose arms embrace the nut 35 before mentioned and have a lost motion connection therewith. Thus the rod 36 is connected with the spray pin to operate the said pin in accordance with the movement of thevalve 2. When the valve moves upwardly the lever 44 will be tilted, and the spray pin will be moved downward. When the valve moves downward, the spring 29 will force the spray pin upwardly. The relative movement of the spray pin and valve may be varied by means of the nut 40. It will be obvious that when the roller 43 is near the pivotal connection of the lever 44, a limited movement of the arm 45 will impart a considerable movement to the lever, while when the roller is nearer the free end of the lever the relative movement of the lever will be lessened.

The fuel supply to the fuel chamber in the casing 10 is controlled by a valve 46 which is arranged within a float chamber 47 and is controlled by a float 48. The fuel is supplied to the chamber from a tank or other source ofsupply having connection with a nipple 50. As illustrated in Figure 4 the nipple 50 is provided with a sleeve 58 or attaching member which encircles a depending nipple 49 at the. lower end of the fuel chamber. The sleeve or attaching member 58 is held in place on the nipple 49 by a cap 49 threaded on the nipple and engaged with the under side of the sleeve.

The depending nipple 49 is provided with a plurality of radial openings which es tablish communication between the member 50 and the chamber which receives the fuel.

.The lower end of the valve 46 is pointed threaded on the upper end of the nipple 52 to hold the collar 53 securely in positlon and the upstanding nipple 52 is provided with radial openings 56 which establish ommunicationbetween the nipple 52 and the member 54. One end of the branch 51 is closed by a threaded plug 57 in the 1 manner illustrated in Figure 4.

By reason of the arrangement described, a predetermined level of fuel ismaintained in the float chamber, the valve 46 being ele vated when the fuel falls below this level.

From the float chamber the fuel passes through the pipe 51, the nipple 52, the openings' 56 and the member 54 to the fuel chamber 10 as illustrated in Figure 2.

The operation of the carburetor when used for fuel of low specific gravity is at the beginning the same as described for use with fuel of high specific gravity, that is, the valve in the casing18 is open and the valve 25 is closed, so that high grade fuel is fed to the trough 14. As soon as the gasifying pipe 20 becomes heated by the exhaust gases, the valve in the casing 18 is closed, thus opening the valve 25. The fuel now feeds from the float chamber 47, the supply from the pipe 17 being cut off. The spray pin will be moved in accordance with the suction through the carburetor, and the fuel sprayed through the nozzle 29 will be thoroughly mixed with. air entering through the port 32. This mixture will ass into the gasifier 20 and will be thoroug ly gasified. From thence the fuel passes by way of the passage 12 through the nozzle 13, where it is again mixed with air before being drawn into the manifold. At the beginning, the high grade fuel is utilized to start the engine and to heat the gasifier. As soon as this result obtains, the high grade fuel is shut off and the low grade fuel is utilized.

The function of the spray pin 28 is to from the spray nozzle 29.

I claim: i

1. A carburetor comprising a casing having an upstanding nipple provided with a flange, a --choke tube threaded into said nipple, the upper surface of said flange and the upper surface of said nipple being formed with a fuel containing trough, a second casing secured on said flange and having spaced shoulders, a sleeve valve slidable in said second casing and having an annular rib movable between said shoulders whereby the sliding movement of the valve is limited, said second named casing being provided with an air inlet openin adjacent said fuel containing trough, an a fuel control member associated with said sleeve valve and operated thereby.

2. A carburetor comprising a casing having an upstanding nipple provided with a flange, a choke tube threaded into said nipple, the upper surfaces of said flange and said vnipple being formed with a fuel containing trough, a second casing secured to-said flange and having spaced stop elements, a sleeve valve slidable in said second named casing and having an annular rib confined between said stop elements and adapted for engaging the same whereby the sliding movement of the valve is limited, said second named casing being provided with air inlet means adjacent said fuel containing trough, the opposed sides of said choke tube and said nipple being provided with opposed grooves defining an annular fuel passage and also being provided with openings establishing communication between said fuel containing trough and said annular assage.

RBERT VILLIAM ALLEN. Witnesses:

R. L. HAND, J. W. J ours.

a branch of the member 54. Ai cap 55 is regulate the amount of liquid discharged 46 

